Competition in Energy Drinks, Sports Drinks Vitamin Enhanced Beverages †Alternative Beverage Industry

Background material The soft drink industry has been dominated by some major companies like the Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo. Prior to the 21st century, these companies concentrated in the processing of carbonated drinks. The drinks had an exceptionally high demand and companies that processed such drinks flourished by making enormous sales.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Competition in Energy Drinks, Sports Drinks Vitamin Enhanced Beverages – Alternative Beverage Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, as consumers have been informed on the dangers or health risks associated with the consumption of carbonated drinks, they have shifted their attentions to other drinks. As the demand for soft drinks continued to rise, dominant companies took advantage of this and hiked the prices. All these contributed to a shift in consumption of the drinks as consumers sought for alternative drinks. Therefor e, alternative drinks came not only as an option, but also as a change in strategy for beverage companies to address the needs of customers (Gamble, 2012). From the year 2000, the alternative beverage market has been extremely active with many companies coming into the alternative beverage industry. However, the international market for alternative beverages was immensely affected by the economic recession of 2008 – 2009. The United States, which is the main market for the alternative drinks, recorded a significant drop in the sale of alternative beverages and drinks. There was a 12.3 per cent drop in the sale of sports drinks between 2008 and 2009. During the same period, vitamin-enhanced waters recorded a 12.5 percent decline in sales. It is only the energy drinks which recorded a rise in sales during the recession period. The sales rose by 0.2 per cent (Gamble, 2012). Beverage producing companies capitalized fully on the demand growth by extending their products. Many comp anies have been developing new products, as well as diversifying their existing products so as to capture a bigger share of the market. Beverage companies sought to further extend and venture into the manufacture and processing of relaxation drinks to address the needs of the depressed people. Therefore, the alternative beverage industry has been marked with high scale competition. There exist too many alternative beverages and drinks in the market now (Katz, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The major strategy of the beverage companies has been to diversify and make enormous extension of their brands in the market. Increased competition has resulted in unhealthy or unethical business practices within the alternative beverage and drinks industry. Market capture and expansion has been the main objective of the beverage companies. They do not pay much attention to the asp ects of sustainability in the market. A number of companies have been receiving criticism owing to the effects of their products to the health of consumers. Some products like the beverages with high caffeine content were critiqued for promoting unhealthy consumption patterns. Companies do not let the consumers know the patterns of consuming these beverages and drinks. Some companies do not expose the contents and the side effects of these contents to the consumers. Physicians have been warning consumers of the dangers associated with some of the ingredients in these drinks like kava and melatonin (Gamble, 2012). The global beverage industry is still projected to grow as the beverage companies are sprouting and finding new markets across the globe. Therefore, better strategies have to be adopted by the companies in the beverage industry. This will assure that these companies achieve market sustainability (Gamble, 2012). Strategy identification in the alternative beverage industry Fo r a company to beat the competition in the market, it must first understand and pursue a strategy. The company must understand the industry in which it is competing as this is the main source of competition. Also, a company has to know all the rules that are governing competition within the industry. Notably, there have been many players in the beverage industry. Each of the major companies in the industry has its own way of enhancing its competitive advantage. However, since these companies are operating in the same industry, they tend to use almost similar strategies with only slight differences (Gamble, 2012). There are different approaches or strategies to competition. The five main generic strategies to competition are focused low-cost strategy, focused broad differentiation strategy, a market niche strategy based on low cost. Others are a focused market strategy that is based on differentiation and a best-cost provider strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sam ple on Competition in Energy Drinks, Sports Drinks Vitamin Enhanced Beverages – Alternative Beverage Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some companies do apply a mix of these strategies. It is advisable for companies to choose and pursue a single strategy. The pursuance of one policy helps in easing the positioning of a company. This helps in eliminating the complexities that may arise from integrating the varied strategies (Katz, 2010). Major firms in the alternative beverage industry have been applying most of these strategies in order to enhance their performance in the market (Gamble, 2012). The Coca-Cola Company stands out as one of the oldest company in the soft drink industry. Also, the company is ranked as one of the best performing companies in the industry. In the year 2009, the company was the best manufacturer and distributor of soft drinks within the global market. Coca-Cola has a very wide market with diff erent brands. Brand extension is the major strategy of competition for the company. It has the widest distribution network with its plants located in over 200 countries globally. The Coca-Cola brand has been very helpful to the company. It positioned the company in the wider market enabling it to enter alternative beverages into the market effectively. With its new and high quality brands of alternative drinks, Coca-Cola has continued to maintain a competitive position (Gamble, 2012). Similar to Coca-Cola, PepsiCo has a number of popular products like Pepsi. The company has employed several competitive strategies to survive in the competitive alternative beverage and drink industry. One of the key competitive strategies has been brand-extension and brand-diversification. PepsiCo has established itself in the market as a company that has quality products. The company is creative and has been coming up with different products that are filing the market and making it a strong player (S hankar Carpenter, 2012). As one of the biggest beverage companies, PepsiCo noted this demand and ventured into processing the different brands. Some of its products were rated the best in the industry in the year 2010. There are various advantages associated with broad brand distribution. However, what stands out is that this form of distribution provides a wide range of options for customers. The company has further expanded these brands into different flavors. Brand differentiation and extension has been the leading force behind the organization’s performance in a competitive industry (Katz, 2010). Hansen Natural Corporation has ben dealing in the manufacture of alternative beverages for a long time. The company sales have been growing in the recent years. This growth is equated to the launch of several other beverages by the company from the beginning of the year 2002. The company has adopted an aggressive differentiation strategy.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from coming up with many brands of products and taking them to market, the company also uses price as a means of differentiating its products in the market. In the year 2002, the company decided to lower the prices of its products with the price of Red Bull products. In-store promotions have also been extensively used by the company in familiarizing its products to customers. The company uses creative promotional strategies. They promote their products in the events that they sponsor for instance sporting events and art and music concerts (Gamble, 2012). Red Bull GmbH has been one of the leading companies in the processing of soft drinks in the beverage industry. The company concentrated in the manufacture of beverage drinks since its inception. This explains why the company is a strong force in the industry. Whereas other companies have diversified and produces products in different categories within the industry, Red Bull has concentrated in one lane of products. The concent ration in these products has made the company a master in such products. However, all other companies in the industry have been diversifying their products and even becoming good producers of sports drinks. This competitive strategy is not very favorable in an industry which has many players. Dependence on a single product is highly risky for a company. The company is bound to flop in the event other companies develop stronger substitutes (Trigg, Himmelweit Simonetti, 2002). The alternative beverage industry has been marked with competition. Companies in the industry are using almost similar strategies of competition. With products in the industry being close substitutes, broad differentiation strategies are the main focus of the companies. Most of the main firms in the industry are coming up with more products so as to fill and dominate the market. In this aspect of differentiation, quality is also playing out as an important element of differentiation. Some companies are earning fame in the industry because of the quality of their substitute products (Thompson, Gamble Strickland, 2006). Analysis of performance of the broad differentiation strategy by major firms in the alternative beverage industry Just like many other strategies, differentiation strategies are aimed at maximizing profits in companies. It enables firms to raise the unit of sales, gain the loyalty from their customers, and commanding a premium price for company products. When this has been achieved, the company gains competitive advantage over its competitors in the market (Shankar Carpenter, 2012). PepsiCo gained access into the alternative beverage market by virtue of having dealt in the soft drink industry for a long time. The broad brand differentiation strategy has been argued to be the main reason why the company has been ranked first in the alternative beverage industry globally (Thompson, Gamble Strickland, 2006). PepsiCo has been remarkably innovative knowing the amount of effort s that are being employed by its competitors like Coca-Cola and Red Bull. The company formed vast distribution systems for its carbonated soft drinks like Pepsi-Colas. As it introduced its new brands of the alternative beverages, it ensured that the new brands were found where in the distribution centers for its famous brands. Therefore, as people purchased these products, they came across the new products. PepsiCo has over one hundred sub–brands of brands in the market that have been developed from the main brands. The first aspect of differentiation in the company was the venturing into the production of alternative beverage drinks. At one point, PepsiCo has managed to come up with over 12 different flavors of products from a single product. There are different methods or approaches of differentiating products in a competitive market (Gamble, 2012). Differentiation can focus on either the main products or even on other aspects of product marketing like pricing and other mar keting approaches (Keller, 1998). PepsiCo has concentrated much on diversifying its alternative beverage drinks. This forms the core of its differentiation strategy. The company has many alternative beverage drinks in the market. This means that the company attests to the differing tests of customers. This also aids the company to have a wider market relative to its competitors, and thus a competitive advantage to PepsiCo. A company can choose to pursue brand differentiation in multiple ways. This gives the company a stronger platform on which to compete with its competitors. However, it is suitable for a company to identify its strong pointer in differentiation as this will serve the company best when competitive pressures mount (Kotler Pförtsch, 2006). Differentiation is an extremely broad strategy. For a company to realize the benefits of differentiation strategy, it has to incorporate differentiation activities in its supply chain. A strong and differentiated supply chain e nsures that products reach customers in time and required qualities and quantities (Thompson, Gamble Strickland, 2006). PepsiCo has done well in sustaining its supply chain by enhancing its distribution channels and points. Its products are easily found in the market. This boosts the sale of the products. Research and development have also helped the company in its initiatives of brand diversity. With a significant number of products in the market, the company has to shift its attention to active marketing practices like advertising and promotional activities. There are many products from the company that are not yet known by many potential customers. The brands that have been developed in the recent years need to be made known to the potential customers of the company (Gamble, 2012). Recommendations for future decisions for a new company in the industry Companies that are aiming to venture into this industry have to be extremely creative. Nonetheless, with many customers, this ind ustry is highly saturated with master companies. The first thing for a new company will be to assess the industry in terms of the main companies operating in the industry and strategies that they use. The attractiveness of a firm in any industry is the attractiveness of the industry. Industry attractiveness is determined by the profits that are being made by the firms in the industry (Porter, 1998). The new firm must also be familiar with the rules that govern competition in the industry. According to Porter (1998), the rules are to be found in the five forces of competition. These are competition for new entrants, threat of substitutes, the buyers and their bargaining power, the bargaining power of suppliers and rivalry in the industry. The most compelling force in the beverage industry is the issue of the threat posed by substitute products and rivalry among the firms. When a company chooses to pursue a certain competitive strategy, it does not imply that the company should work w ith the strategy in an isolated manner. Strategies do not work in isolation just as it is in the business. Other strategies have to be incorporated within the main competitive strategy to make it work efficiently. Each strategy has its advantages, as well as disadvantages to the company. Therefore, the company must ensure that it maximizes on the strengths of a strategy. Capitalization on the strengths of a strategy helps in eliminating the negative effects of a strategy. The broad brand differentiation strategies have been applied in greater heights. Ii is more risky for a new firm to concentrate on a single strategy in a market that has highly volatile activities (Thompson, Gamble Strickland, 2006). The company has to monitor the different companies and capitalize on the aspects of weakness in the competitors. As a company develops products in the market, it has to monitor competition both from within and without the organization. The company must fully understand its competitors so that it can choose the best strategies to out-compete them. As a market leader, a company is always prone to scrutiny from other firms (Yoffie Kwak, 2001). The adoption of blue ocean market strategy could also be favorable to the new company. The beverage industry is marked by similar products with only slight differences in flavor. This can be effectively applied in marketing by choosing inventive strategies, which will help the company set itself above the other companies. The strategy chosen by the company has to be integrative basing on the assessment done to the strategies of the other companies already in the industry (Kim Mauborgne, 2005). The new entrant has to adopt defensive strategies as it enters the market in the first time. Open competitive strategies will then be applied when the company has attained a significant market share. This is because the activities of the company can be influenced be put to jeopardy by the actions of the smaller (Thompson, Gamble Stri ckland, 2006). References Gamble, J. E. (2012). Competition in Energy Drinks, Sports Drinks, Vitamin Enhanced Beverages. Web. Katz, J. S. (2010). Competing for global dominance: Survival in a changing world. Silicon Valley, CA: Superstar Press. Keller, K. L. (1998). Strategic brand management: Building, measuring and managing brand equity. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall. Kim, W.C. Mauborgne, R. (2005). Blue ocean strategy: How to create uncontested market space and make the competition irrelevant. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School Press. Kotler, P. Pförtsch, W. A. (2006). B2B brand management: With 7 tables. Berlin: Springer. Porter, M.E. (1998). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance: with a New Introduction. New York: Simon and Schuker Inc. Shankar, V. Carpenter, G.S. (2012). Handbook of marketing strategy. Cheltenham [etc.: Elgar. Thompson, A. A., Gamble, J. Strickland, A. J. (2006). Strategy: Core concepts, analytical tools, read ings. Boston, Mass: McGraw-Hill. Trigg, A., Himmelweit, S. Simonetti, R. (2002). Microeconomics: Neoclassical and institutionalist perspectives on economic behavior. London: Thomson. Yoffie, D. B., Kwak, M. (2001). Judo strategy: Turning your competitors’ strength to your advantage. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School Press. 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The 54 Best Engineering Scholarships

The 54 Best Engineering Scholarships SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you have the brains and passion to become an engineer, but are worried about the cost of the education? The following list of scholarships will show you that you have nothing to fear. Students of all backgrounds will find that there is an engineering scholarship out there for students like them that will help to make that seemingly unaffordable education slightly more palatable. Read on to see what engineering scholarships you may be eligible for! There are hundreds of engineering scholarships out there. Many are aimed at certain students- those interested in a particular school, of a certain ethnic background, or a specific gender. As you can see, students from all walks of life are interested in pursuing degrees and careers in engineering. Not only can a degree in engineering lead you into a high-paying job after graduation, but these degrees help place you and the country at the forefront of technological innovations. Because of this, there are many engineering scholarships available, sponsored both by private organizations and the national government. The scholarships on this list are aimed at graduating high school seniors and college undergraduates. They are also aimed at US citizens or permanent residents, and are open to almost all students studying engineering in accredited programs, with the main restrictions being location and grade level. There are many other engineering scholarships available that are specifically targeted at underrepresented groups in this field, such as women, minorities, and international students- but they won’t be found on this list. We will create separate lists later for those specific categories. In this article, I will cover many of the prominent engineering scholarships, as well as others that you may not have heard of before. You'll find them in the following categories: General Engineering Scholarships Mechanical Engineering Scholarships Civil Engineering Scholarships Aerospace Engineering Scholarships Nuclear Engineering Scholarships Keep in mind that this list is not comprehensive. There are hundreds of engineering and STEM scholarships out there. If you still don’t see one on this list that seems right for you, don’t despair. Try searching for what you're looking for- there is a good chance that it’s out there! Engineering Scholarships for High School Students High school is a great time to start working on getting financially prepared for college. While many of the scholarships listed below are only for students who have already started their degrees, a number of them are open to high school seniors who know they want to focus on engineering. The scholarships that are marked with an asterisk (*) are open for applications by high school students. General Engineering Scholarships These scholarships usually stipulate that you need to be in an engineering or related degree (like information technology), but do not specify what field of engineering you need to be in to be eligible. Astronaut Scholarship Foundation Students must be nominated by faculty for this $10,000 award. Students must be majoring in engineering, natural or applied sciences, or math, and intend to do research or get an advanced degree after graduation. Students should be at least undergraduate sophomores who have done lab work and research, and have excellent grades. They should also show initiative, creativity, and excellent in their field of choice. You do NOT need to be planning on becoming an astronaut. Students must be attending one of the following schools: Brown University, Clemson University, Florida Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Harvey Mudd College, Louisiana State University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Miami University of Ohio, North Carolina State University, North Dakota State University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Purdue University, Syracuse University, Texas AM University, Tufts University, University of Arizona, University of Central Florida, University of Chicago, University of Colorado, University of Kansas, University of Kentucky, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Oklahoma, University of Rochester, University of Southern California, University of Texas at Austin, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, or Washington University in St. Louis. ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers) Scholarships ASHRAE awards several scholarships to students studying engineering degrees that could lead to work in the heating, air conditioning, ventilation, or refrigeration fields, at many grade levels. Students have to submit one application and they will be considered for the scholarships they are eligible for. To be eligible you should have a GPA of at least 3.0 and be in the top 30% of your class, and be enrolled in or planning to enroll in an accredited engineering program. The application includes a cover letter, statement about your finances, essays, three letters of recommendation, and ASHRAE student membership. *High School Senior Scholarship: $3,000 non-renewable. Deadline: May 1st. Undergraduate Engineering Scholarships: Deadline November 15th. Includes two $10,000 scholarships, eight $5,000 scholarships, and one $3,000 scholarship. ASHRAE Region IV Chapter (Including students in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia): $5,000. Deadline December 1st. ASHRAE Region III Chapter (Including students in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Washington D.C.): $3,000. Deadline November 15th. ASHRAE Region VIII Chapter (Including students in Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma, and Mexico): $3,000. Deadline November 15th. ASCO Numatics Industrial Automation Engineering Scholarship Two $5,000 scholarships will be awarded to engineering students based on their potential for leadership and making a difference in the engineering and automation professions, particularly related to the application of fluid control and fluid power technologies. Students must have completed their sophomore year in college and winners are not eligible for future scholarships. The application deadline and procedure changes every year. *BMW/SAE Engineering Scholarship This annual scholarship is provided by BMW. You must be a US resident, with a GPA of 3.75 or higher and have scores in the 90th percentile or above on both the Math and Critical Reading sections of the SAT or ACT. You must be pursuing an engineering or related science degree. One recipient each year will receive $1,500. The prize can be renewed for up to three additional years for a total of $6,000. The deadline is January 15th. David Hermance Hybrid Technologies Scholarship This scholarship is available to college sophomores who are pursuing an engineering or related degree, and who have a GPA of 3.5 or better. The application deadline is February 15th. *Ford Partnership for Advanced Studies Scholarship Current high school seniors who have a GPA of 3.0 or above and have scores in or above the 90th percentile on the SAT or ACT are eligible for this scholarship. You should be planning to pursue a BA or AA in engineering or technology, and you should be a past or present student of a Ford Next Generation Learning Community, or a past or present student of an afterschool, weekend, summer or college or Ford Partnership for Advanced Studies program. There’s no need to apply- if you’re eligible, you’ll by selected by your Ford Next Generation Learning Community. Recipients will be selected and notified by the end of June. One $5,000 award is given every year. *Edward D. Hendrickson Engineering Scholarship In order to be eligible for this scholarship, you should be a US resident with a GPA of at least 3.75 and SAT or ACT scores in the 90th percentile or above. You’ll also have to be pursuing an engineering or related science degree. One student will be awarded $5,000 every year, and the awards are renewable for 3 more years for a total of $20,000. Applications are due on January 15th. *Donald and Barbara Mozley Scholarship This scholarship is open to high school seniors as well as college students pursuing degrees in engineering. You should have a GPA of 3.5 or better, SAT math score of 600 or above and critical reading of 550 or above, or an ACT composite score of 27 or above. You’ll also need to be able to show financial need through a completed FAFSA form, and have a letter of recommendation. Up to seven awards of $5,000 per year will be granted. You are eligible to win the award more than one year, but you will have to re-apply each time. The deadline is January 15th. *Han P. Loewen Scholarship The American Nuclear Society awards this $2,000 scholarship to a high school senior or college freshman or sophomore who is enrolled in a STEM degree. You will have to submit an essay about your leadership qualities and how you help others to meet their goals. You will need to be a member of the ANS in order to be eligible for this award. The application deadline is Feburay 1st. *The Maintenance Council of American Trucking Associations Donald D. Dawson Technical Scholarship Applicants should be US Residents with a GPA of at least 3.25 (high school) or 3.0 (students transferring from accredited 4-year universities) or 3.5 (students transferring from technical/vocational schools) who are going to pursue degrees in engineering or a related science. You should also have an SAT math score of 600 or above and critical reading score of 550 or above, or a composite ACT score of 27 or above. One award of $1,500 will be granted every year. The deadline is January 15th. Professional Engineers in Industry Scholarship Application Applicants for this award must be sponsored by a member of the National Society of Professional Engineers, and preference will be given to children, relatives, and dependents of NSPE members. You should have completed at least two semesters of an undergraduate engineering program before you apply. *Fred M. Young Sr. Engineering Scholarship This scholarship is for students pursuing engineering degrees who have a GPA of 3.75 or better and at least 90th percentile scores on the SAT or ACT. One scholarship of $1,000 per year. It is renewable for up to three years, for a total of $4,000. Deadline is January 15th. *Tau Beta Pi Scholarship This scholarship is for high school seniors who are US residents who have a GPA of 3.75 or higher, and scores in at least the 90th percentile on either the SAT or ACT. They should be pursuing degrees in engineering or a related science. Six scholarships will be given each year that are worth $1,000. The deadline is January 15th. Rocky Mountain Coal Mining Institute Engineering/Geology Scholarship College sophomores and juniors are eligible for this scholarship. You should be a US citizen and legal resident of Arizona, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, or Wyoming. You’ll need to be pursuing a degree in engineering or a mining-related field, and have an interest in Western coal as a career path. One award of $2,750 will be given to a student from each state listed (8 awards total). The award can be renewed for a second year. The application deadline is February 1st. SAE Long Term Member Sponsored Scholarship College juniors (who are engineering majors) who have been active supporters of SAE should apply for this award. Several $1,000 scholarships will be given every year. The application deadline is February 15th. William R. Kimel, P.E., Engineering Scholarship College juniors living and attending school in either Kansas or Missouri can apply for this scholarships. You should have a high GPA, internships and extracurricular activities, and honors or awards in engineering. You will have to submit an application form, resume, transcript, and two letters of recommendation, as well as an essay. The award is $2,500 and the deadline is March 1st. Paul H. Robbins, P.E., Honorary Scholarship Rising college juniors majoring in engineering are eligible for this award. You will need to be a member of the National Society of Professional Engineers, have a high GPA, internships and extracurricular involvement, honors and awards dating back to your senior year of high school, and be able to write a strong essay about what your engineering career goals are and how you arear going to achieve them. You will need to submit an application, transcript, resume, and two recommendation letters from professors. The deadline is March 1st. Awards are up to $10,000. The Steinman Scholarship The Steinman Scholarship is awarded to two rising juniors every year. You should have a high GPA, strong internships and extracurricular activities, and strong faculty recommendations. You will have to submit a completed application form, a resume of your activities and work experience, at least one recommendation letter (more is better), a transcript, and a 500-word essay on the importance of ethics in engineering. The awards are for $5,000 and the application deadline is March 1st. Yanmar Scholarship This scholarship is for college juniors who are getting an engineering degree and are taking courses related to the conservation of energy in transportation, agriculture, and construction, and power generation. They are particularly interested in research and study on internal combustion engines. Applicants will be judged on their academic performance, areas of study and research, awards, and leadership. One award of $1,000 will be given each year and may be renewed for one year. The application deadline is March 15th. *West Virginia Engineering, Science and Technology Scholarship Program This program is intended to help West Virginian students pursue careers in engineering. You should have a GPA of at least 3.0 from high school or your first two semesters in college, be enrolled or planning to enroll in an engineering or related science program. And agree to work full-time in an engineering job in West Virginia for at least one year per number of years you receive the award. Instead of work, you can also begin an engineering or science community service program. Students can win up to $3,000 per year. Mechanical Engineering Scholarships These scholarships are specifically for students who are getting a degree in mechanical engineering. *ASHRAE Scholarships for Mechanical Engineering ASHRAE awards several scholarships to students studying engineering degrees that could lead to work in the heating, air conditioning, ventilation, or refrigeration fields, at many grade levels. Students have to submit one application and they will be considered for the scholarships they are eligible for. To be eligible you should have a GPA of at least 3.0 and be in the top 30% of your class, and be enrolled in or planning to enroll in an accredited engineering program. The application includes a cover letter, statement about your finances, essays, three letters of recommendation, and ASHRAE student membership. The J. Richard Mehalick Scholarship is available for undergrad mechanical engineering students at the University of Pittsburgh. The award is $3,000 and the deadline is December 1st. The David C. J. Peters Scholarship is available to a full-time mechanical engineering undergraduate student at one of the following universities: CSU Chico, CSU San Diego, CSU Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, CSU Cal Maritime, CSU Long Beach, Pennsylvania State University, North Carolina State University, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (aka Virginia Tech), Clemson University, University of Nebraska at Lincoln or Omaha, University of Nevada at Las Vegas or Reno, Oklahoma State University, and University of Texas at Austin. The Minnesota, New Jersey, and Central New York ASHRAE Chapters each award $3,000 to an undergraduate mechanical engineering student within their geographical boundaries. The award is $5,000 and the deadline is November 15th. *Dan and Vicky Hancock Scholarship for Mechanical Engineering Excellence Applicants should be high school seniors or above who have a GPA of at least 3.5 and SAT mqath schore of 600, critical reading score of 500 or above, or ACT composite scores of 27 or above. You should be pursuing a mechanical engineering or related science degree. For the application you will need to include a completed FAFSA form and two letters of recommendation. One award of $5,500 will be given every year. You are eligible to win the award multiple years, but you will need to reapply each year. The deadline is March 15th. Ralph K. Hillquist Honorary SAE Scholarship College juniors who are studying mechanical engineering or an automotive-related engineering discipline can apply for this scholarships. They particularly are interested in students who show interest in areas related to noise and vibration, such as statics, dynamics, vibration, and physics. The award will be based on academic performance and leadership activities, as well as any special honors in the field. Every year an award of $1,000 will be given. The application deadline is March15th. *Lucy and Charles W. E. Clarke Scholarship This scholarship is for high school seniors who have been active on a FIRST FTC (tech challenge_ or FIRST FRC (robotics competition) team and are planning on enrolling in a mechanical engineering degree. Students will need to be nominated by an active ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) member. The application includes the nomination letter, a resume with your GPA and extra curricular activities, a transcript, evidence of financial need, and a letter of recommendation about your technical, creative, and leadership contributions to your FIRST team. Multiple awards of $5,000 will be given each year. The deadline is March 31st. Kenneth Andrew Roe Scholar This $13,000 scholarship is available to mechanical engineering students in their junior or senior year of college. Applicants must be members of ASME, and will be judged on their grades, character, leadership, integrity, and potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. The deadline is March 1st. ASME Foundation Scholar This renewable scholarship is available to college sophomores, juniors, and seniors who are getting degrees in mechanical engineering and have a minimum GPA of 3.5. You will need a letter of recommendation from an ASME member, and you will need to maintain your GPA in order for the reward to be renewable. The deadline is March 1st. Garland Duncan Scholarship Up to two $5,000 awards will be given to mechanical engineering juniors or seniors who demonstrate financial need. Winners will be selected based on leadership, academic ability, and potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering field. The deadline is March 1st. Willis F. Thompson Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is awarded to a sophomore, junior, or senior mechanical engineering undergrad who is a member of ASME and is also able to demonstrate an interest in the field of power generation. Up to three winners will be given $4,500 based on their academic achievements and potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. Melvin R. Green Scholarship This scholarship will be given to two students in their junior or senior year based on financial need. You should also show leadership, academic achievement, potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering field. Applicants will need to be ASME members. The award is for $4,000 and the application deadline is March 1st. American Electric Power Scholarship This scholarship is given to ASME members who are juniors or seniors in college. You should be abelt to show an interest in power engineering. Preference will be given to students who are studying in Arkansas, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, or West Virginia. The award is for $4,000 and the application deadline is March 1st. William and Marijane E. Adams, Jr. Scholarship This scholarship is given to a sophomore, junior, or senior student who is a member of ASME and can demonstrate financial need. You should be attending college in California, Hawaii or Nevada, and have a special interest in product design and development. You will need a minimum GPA of 2.5. The award is for $3,000 and the deadline is March 1st. ASME Power Division Scholarship This scholarship is for a sophomore, junior or senior ASME member who is particularly interested in fuels, combustion, or the power industry. Students will be judged based on financial need, academic ability, and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. The award is for $3,000 and the deadline is March 1st. F.W. Beichley Scholarship This scholarship is for a junior or senior ASME student. Students will be judged based on leadership, integrity, character, financial need, academic ability, and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. The award is for $3,000 and the deadline is March 1st. Stephen T. Kugle Scholarship This scholarship is for a junior or senior ASME member who attends a public college in Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas (except for the University of Texas at Arlingon), Utah or Wyoming. Students will need to have at least a 3.0 GPA and be a US citizen by birth. The award is for $3,000 and the deadline is March 1st. Allen J. Baldwin Scholarship, Berna Lou Cartwright Scholarship, Sylvia W. Farny Scholarship, Agnes Malakate Kezios Scholarship, Charles B. Scharp Scholarship These scholarship are for a junior ASME student. These scholarships can only be used to fund the final (senior) year of studies. Up to ten awards total for $3,000 will be given and the deadline is March 1st. John Rice Memorial Scholarship ASME Metropolitan Section This scholarship is for a junior or senior ASME member who attends one of the following universities: City College/CUNY, College of Staten Island, Columbia University, Cooper Union, Manhattan College, NYC Technology College of City University, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, SUNY/Maritime College. Students will be judged based on academic ability, leadership, integrity, character, and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. The award is for $3,000 and the deadline is March 1st. John Elsa Gracik Scholarship and ASME Foundation Hanlet Scholarship Up to 11 awards of $2,500 will be given to students who are freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors pursuing degrees in mechanical engineering and are members of ASME. Students will be judged on academic ability, financial need, character, leadership, and potential contributions to the mechanical engineering profession. The application deadline is March 1st. Marcus N Bressler Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is for a junior or senior ASME member who is particularly interested in industries using or manufacturing pressure vessels and related components. Students will be judged based on academic ability, and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. The award is for $2,500 and the deadline is March 1st. Frank Dorothy Miller Scholarship This scholarship is for a sophomore, junior or senior ASME members. Students will be judged based on character, integrity, leadership, academic ability, and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. Up to two awards for $2,000 will be given, and the deadline is March 1st. Allen Rhodes Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is for a sophomore, junior or senior ASME member who is particularly interested in the oil and gas industry. Students will be judged based on academic ability and the potential to contribute to the mechanical engineering profession. Preference will be given to students who are enrolled at Villanova University. The award is for $2,000 and the deadline is March 1st. Civil Engineering Scholarships These scholarships are specifically for students interested in pursuing a career in civil engineering. Charles Tiney Memorial ASCE Student Chapter Scholarship College freshmen through seniors who are enrolled in a civil engineering or related program, and are also members of an ASCE Student Chapter, can apply for this award. You will have to turn in a completed application form, a personal statement about why the student should receive the award (including talking about financial need), a detailed financial plan, transcript, resume, and at least two letters of recommendation. The award amount varies annually. The deadline is March 1st. CI Construction Engineering Student Scholarship Available to students who are freshmen, sophomores, or juniors, and are enrolled in a civil engineering program with a concentration in construction engineering or construction management. Students should be members of either the Construction Institute or ASCE National, and be in good standing. You will need to submit transcripts as proof of good academic standing, as well as three reference letters either from professors or professional internships. You will be expected to write a statement about your professional goals after graduation, and also include a resume that highlights your professional, research, and leadership positions. The award is renewable for two years (a total of three years). The amount varies based on the funds available and the student’s financial circumstances. The deadline for applications is April 1st. Eugene C. Figg, Jr. Civil Engineering Scholarship This scholarship is available to college juniors or seniors who are enrolled in civil engineering degree programs and who are interested in bridge design and construction. You should be a student member of the American Society of Civil Engineers in good standing. You’ll have to complete an application, write a statement about your interest in bridge design, a financial statement about how you will use the award as well as an annual budget, official transcripts, a resume, and a minimum of two letters of recommendation. The award amount varies but is usually around $3,000. The deadline to apply is February 10th. John Lenard Civil Engineering Scholarship A maximum of two awards per year will be given to sophomore, junior, or senior college students who are focusing their engineering degrees around water supply or environmental engineering. You have to be majoring in civil engineering to be eligible, and also be a student member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. You will need to submit a completed application form, a personal statement detailing why you should receive the scholarship, including your financial need and plans for your education, an essay on how civil engineering can improve the environment, official transcripts, a resume, and at least two letters of recommendation. The amount of the award depends on available funds but is usually around $2,000. This scholarship is NOT renewable, but you may apply for and win it more than once. The deadline is February 10th. Lawrence W. and Francis W. Cox Scholarship College sophomores, juniors, and seniors who are in a civil engineering program can apply for this scholarship. You should be a student member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and be in good standing. You will have to submit a completed application form, along with a personal essay about why you want to become a civil engineer and how you have participated in the ASCE, a detailed annual budget, official transcripts, a resume, and a minimum of two sealed recommendation letters. The award amount varies. Though it is not renewable, you are able to apply for and win the scholarship more than once. The deadline is February 10th. Robert B. B. and Josephine N. Moorman Scholarship Another scholarship open to college sophomores, juniors, and seniors who are majoring in civil engineering, this award is given to one student annually and is not renewable. You will need to complete an application form, a personal essay of 500 words about why you want to become a civil engineer and your long-term goals, a detailed annual budget, transcripts, a resume, and two recommendation letters. The award is usually around $2,000. The application deadline is February 10th. Samuel Fletcher Tapman ASCE Student Chapter Scholarship This scholarship is awarded to a maximum of 12 students every year who are college sophomores, juniors, or seniors. You’ll need to be pursuing a degree in civil engineering, and be a member of your local ASCE student chapter in good standing. To apply you will have to fill out an application form, write a personal statement about why you should get the award and your plans for your education, a brief financial statement about how you will finance your education if you get the award, an official transcript, a resume, and at least two letters of recommendation. The awards are of $3,000. It’s not renewable but you can apply and win more than once. The deadline for applications is February 10th. Aerospace Engineering Scholarships If aerospace engineering is your thing, read on! Vertical Flight Foundation Scholarship This scholarship is for students who are in at least their second semester at an engineering school who are interested in a career in aircraft engineering. You will have to complete an application form (including a personal statement about your academics and interest in rotorcraft or VTOL engineering), and also send a resume, transcript, and at least one letter of recommendation. Several awards are given each year, ranging from $1,000 - $5,000. The application deadline is February 1st. AIAA Scholarships The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics gives out several scholarships every year for college students who have completed at least one semester of college in aerospace engineering or a related science. Applicants must have a GPA of 3.3 or higher, be AIAA student members, and have to use the scholarship for academic expenses. Rewards are not renewable, but students may apply for and win these scholarships multiple times. Students will be judged on their academic achievements, career goals (assessed in a 500-1000 word essay), three recommendation letters, and extracurricular activities. The deadline for these scholarships is January 31st. Wernher von Braun Scholarship: $5,000 George and Vicki Muellner Scholarship for Aerospace Engineering: $5,000 David and Catherine Thompson Space Technology Scholarship: $5,000 Space Transportation Scholarship: $1,500 Liquid Propulsion Scholarship: $2,500 Leatrice Gregory Pendray Scholarship: $1,500 Digital Avionics Scholarship: $2,000 *Olin E. Teague Scholarship The National Space Club offers this scholarship to encourage young people to pursue degrees in aerospace fields. High school seniors are eligible to apply. You will need to submit your high school transcript, at least one letter of recommendation, a statement about your academic plans that could lead to a career in aerospace sciences and technology, and a research paper at least 3 pages long. The award is for $4,000 and the application deadline is October 12th. Nuclear Engineering Scholarships *American Nuclear Society Incoming Freshman Scholarship This scholarship is for high school seniors who are going to enroll full-time in a nuclear engineering program. Consideration will be given to high school academics, freshman courses that you have chosen, letters of recommendation, and a 500-word essay. Four awards will be given of $1,000. The application deadline is February 1st. The Kent Hamlin Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is for students pursing an associate degree (2 year degree) and who are interested in the nuclear power industry. You should show an interest in and commitment to a career in the industry. NEED Scholarship Award for Community College and Trade School If you are currently in community college but are hoping to transfer to a four year university to study nuclear engineering, this scholarship is for you. Two awards of $2,000 will be given. The application deadline is February 1st. ANS Undergraduate Scholarships If you have completed at least one year of a nuclear engineering degree, you are eligible for several undergraduate scholarships offered by the ANS. ANS gives out over 20 scholarships of $2,000. The application deadline is February 1st. What's Next? Interested in getting a head start on some computer engineering before college? Learn about what the JavaScript TypeOf Function is and how it works here. Make sure that you stay on top of your high school GPA while taking rigorous classes to be considered for these kinds of scholarships. You should also know how to get a high score on the SAT and ACT to be eligible for these engineering scholarships. Also check out our list of full-ride scholarships for more ideas on how to fund your college education. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Self-Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self-Motivation - Essay Example Muhammad. In addition, the need to attain attention from other people also made him work harder. Lastly his envy towards other people who were able to communicate efficiently e.g. Bimbi made him yearn to reach that level. This made him look for different sources that could help him become fluent both in writing and communicating (Munisamy, 2005, p. 43). In reaction to his desires, he decided to use a dictionary in order to study the meaning of different words. This was together with tablets and pencils to write down words that he learnt. As a result, his writing speed improved and he started understanding some few words an aspect that motivated him more. Learning to use dictionary also broadened his knowledge as he came to realize that different people that belong to various races exist. This was in addition to different places of the world. Also, he was able to read books and understand the meaning of the sentences unlike previously when he could not comprehend anything. This experience improved his urge to learn more therefore, reducing his free time that he previously used in planning criminal activity that led him to prison. Instead, he used this time reading books. The experience of this person is a good lesson that what once desires can be achieved if the person devotes his effort towards achieving it. In addition, one should not be frustrated when he is unable to achieve it easily. Instead, he/she should use the frustrations as an encouragement to work harder as the results are fruitful. In addition, one should relate with the right people who can help either with material or psychological help as people with a negative attitude can reduce the motivation level. Having hailed from Uzbekistan I had a rough time communicating with my friends in United States who were fluent in English. Some of them jeered at me while other encouraged me to learn English. At first, it was hard for me to understand

Iron Deficiency Anemia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Iron Deficiency Anemia - Essay Example The article encompasses information about causes, symptoms and treating iron deficiency anemia. The body needs iron to make hemoglobin, the most important component of the red blood cells. Insufficient supply of iron limits the production of hemoglobin, which in turn affects the production of red blood cells (RBCs). This decreased amount of hemoglobin and RBCs in the bloodstream is known as anemia. Since, RBCs are needed to carry oxygen throughout the body, anemia results in less oxygen reaching the cells and tissues, affecting their function (AMAG Pharmaceuticals). Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), often caused by inadequate iron ingestion. It is the major cause of anemia in childhood. Iron-fortified infant formulas and cereals have substituted the iron requirement in infants of United States (American Reagent). IDA or Iron-deficiency anemia doesn't develop instantly, but, a person develops through stages of iron deficiency, beginning with iron diminution, in which the amount of iron in the body is reduced while the iron in RBCs remains constant, persistence of this leads to progression of iron deficiency, ultimately leading to IDA. This is because the red blood cells will have less hemoglobin than normal (AMAG Pharmaceuticals,). Iron-deficiency anemia is a resultant of several factors, encompassing- insufficient iron in the diet, poor absorption of iron by the body, ongoing blood loss, most commonly from menstruation or from gradual blood loss in the intestinal tract, episodes of rapid growth. In certain cases poverty becomes a contributing factor to IDA because families living at or below the poverty level may not be getting enough iron-rich foods (Gasch,, 1997). It is manifested that Iron deficiency alters the physiological functions and IDA enables the body to absorb more lead, which enhances the risk of lead poisoning in kids, particularly those living in older homes. This leads to ill health and also children face difficulties in learning and show behavioral problems. Moreover, rapid growth demands more iron and therefore any kind of iron deficiency in nutrition leads to IDA. It is observed that, infants, discontinuing iron-fortified formula and substituted with cow's milk before 12 months can lead to IDA. Since, cow's milk is low in iron essential for infant growth and development; it often replaces the consumption of iron-rich foods. Milk reduces the absorption of iron causing irritation in the intestinal mucosa resulting in small amounts of bleeding. This slow, gradual loss of blood in the stool - combined with low iron intake - may eventually result in IDA (US FDA). Other causes of IDA encompass prematurity and low birth weight, poor iron intake in the diet for children between the ages of 1 and 3 years make them prone to IDA, high consumption of cow's milk, during the onset of puberty, when growth is at its peak, boys are at risk of IDA. Adolescent girls are at higher risk because of menstrual blood loss and smaller iron stores than boys. Many girls also tend to consume a diet low in iron. On the contrary, multivitamins with iron aren't adequate and taking too much iron is a major cause of serious poisoning in children (American Academy of Pediatrics, AAP). Deficiency of Vitamin C also leads to poor iron absorption leading to IDA as vitamin C enhances iron absorption in the body. Inadequate daily intake of iron in pregnancy, growth

Education & Assessment of English Language Learners Assignment

Education & Assessment of English Language Learners - Assignment Example If children from poor families are having difficulty in learning the school curricula, it is because maybe it is not tailored to incorporate their culture. They have lifestyles, resources, or belief systems that different from those found in the curricula. Because it has been pointed out in the article that the type of English a pupil uses is largely dependent on what is done in their community, the best way to make pupils learn more is to tailor the language so that it fits the culture of the student. The references, allusions and stories should be derived from the culture of the pupil. However, this poses the challenge of what the children would like to aspire to; let’s face it, the children are in school so that they can be able to improve their lives and join the middleclass; if their literature ,material is to be modified so as to fit their cultures, it is likely to discourage them. Employers are also not looking for people who speak â€Å"Black† English or a diffe rent dialect that is not standard; they want Standard English. This problem is rather difficult to address because people already believe the stereotypes. In my opinion, poor people just need to conform and teach their children better English; it is the easier option than changing the curriculum to something the children are working hard to get out

Social Causes Of Poverty Sociology Essay

Social Causes Of Poverty Sociology Essay Although many people blame poverty on the poor, social attributes have increased this issue significantly. Social causes of poverty consist of lack of education, the family, too low of wages, immigration, and minimal job opportunities. In nearly every society today the male is the dominant figure over the females and whites are believed to be dominant over all other races. A persons sex or race fall into play in every one of the social causes of poverty. According to Alex Thio, poverty is usually measured in two different ways absolute or relative poverty. Absolute poverty is the lack of minimum food and shelter necessary for maintaining life. Relative poverty is a state of deprivation resulting from having less than the majority of the people have. The widely accepted definition of poverty is those who earn less than half of the nations median income are poor because they lack what is considered to be needed by most people to live a decent life.  [1]   The more education an individual has the more money that individual makes. Ron Haskings states that in 2009, the difference in median family income between families headed by an individual who dropped out of high school and families headed by an individual with a bachelors degree or higher was about $68,600.  [2]  Making it through college and earning that highly wanted bachelors degree may just depend on how wealthy a persons family is or what race that person is. Haskins says that over eighty percent of white students will graduate college while only about sixty five of black and Hispanic students will graduate. Seventy nine percent of students, whose parents are within the upper class, would enroll in college and fifty three percent of that group would end up earning a four-year college degree. Only thirty four percent of students, whose parents in the bottom income classes, would enroll in college. Eleven percent of those students would end up receiving a four-year degree.  [3]  Kids whose family earns less money are more likely to not attend college and will more than likely remain under the poverty line due to lack of education. Some students just do not have the intellectual ability to make it through college making them only attain a high school diploma. Anup Shah says out of the nearly 2 billion children in the world one billion of them are living in poverty.  [4]  Single parent families are more likely than two parent families to be living in poverty. Ron Haskins states that in 2009, the poverty rate for children in married-couple families was 11.0 percent. By contrast, the poverty rate for children in female-headed families was 44.3 percent.  [5]  Divorce is very common in the United States and a lot of the times those individuals will not remarry. Alex Thio says poverty affects women more than men called the feminization of poverty. Women are now more likely to be heading a household while taking care of children. Women also live longer than men contributing to older widows living in poverty.  [6]  Having children while not married has increased significantly in the past decade. According to Jay Wesley Richards children born and raised outside marriage are nearly seven times more likely to live in poverty than childre n born to and raised by a married couple.  [7]  If marriage rates would increase, divorce rates decrease, and unwedded child bearing decrease children living in poverty would decrease significantly. The only way to avoid poverty for most individuals is to work. Work is limited though with the large overpopulation due to immigration and families having more children. Even if any individual does manage to find a job most likely the pay will be minimum wage. Ron Haskins says that working at eight dollars and hour for 35 hours a week year round, a person would earn $14,560, $2,145 under the poverty level for a family of three.  [8]  The only way a single parent working at minimum wage taking care of two children to get out of poverty would to be raise the minimum wage just enough to be right at the poverty line or above it. Wages and work however, are not fair for all races and sexes though. Alex Thio says men can escape poverty by getting a job, but women cannot escape poverty. Women are likely to get paid less than males and hold lower status jobs. An answer for this is because society has socialized women to be wives and mothers.  [9]  If a male and a female held the same job the male would end up getting paid more just because he is a male even though they both have the same education and qualifications. In the United States society has impeded that whites are dominant and every other race is inferior. Races besides white also have issues in earning jobs and a fair amount of pay. Some employers will not hire workers because of their race or pay them a less amount due to their skin color. In Sociology: A Brief Introduction Alex Thio says society creates and maintains poverty. Poverty is what allows societys dirty work to be done. Without some dirty jobs businesses could not function such as washing dishes, hauling garbage, or cleaning. Higher paid employers would not complete these tasks and that is why they are left for the poor people of society. Affluent business people and professionals are able to achieve their career goals with the help of poor people working as maids and servants. Poverty also creates several jobs such as social workers and other professionals who serve the poor. Without poor people several people would be out of jobs and more people would be in poverty.  [10]   The United States is the number one nation that immigrants come to. Ron Haskins says that a large number of immigrants have less than a ninth grade education.  [11]  This lack of education among immigrants causes nearly all immigrants to only hold minimum paying jobs, not letting them earn enough money to lick properly and stay above the poverty line. Haskins proclaims that the poverty rate among immigrants is higher than the poverty rate among native-born Americans. In 2009, the immigrant poverty rate was 19.0 percent as compared with 13.7 percent for native-born Americans. Given that the overall poverty rate for the nation was 14.3 percent, the poverty rate would be lower by about 0.6 percentage points (or around 1.9 million people) if the immigrant poverty rate were the same as the poverty rate for native-born citizens.  [12]  Some immigrants may take jobs from Native born Americans, but the majority will not take jobs. Immigrants will have lower status and lower paying jo bs due to their lack of education and their race. The three sociological perspectives on stratification stated by Alex Theo are the following: the functionalist perspective says the more rewarding a position is, the more motivated people are to work hard to acquire the education and skills it requires, conflict perspective says stratification limits opportunities for the underprivileged, preserves injustices, and provokes unrest, and the symbolic interactionist perspective says in their interactions, higher-status people show off their power while lower-status ones appear polite or respectful.  [13]   Despite poverty allowing societys dirty work to be done, helping the affluent workers reach their career goals, and creating several jobs the social causes of poverty outweigh the positive effects. People with blame poverty on the poor even though the poor are not against working and are not lazy. The social aspect of poverty is the true reason of why there is poverty in the world.

Essay --

Percussion: The History ​Despite what many may think, percussion is well known across hundreds of nations all over the world. Percussion has been around for centuries, and it has a very important meaning in the lives of many. It would be safe to assume that Percussion will be around for a long time as well, and play an important part in the lives of many people. Most people see drums as a cool thing to do, others see them as a bunch of irritating noise makers; but do they know the history behind them? So what is percussion? Percussion is a musical instrument played by striking with the hand, a handheld, or a pedal-operated stick or beater (Hudson). There are different groups of percussion instruments, and as time went by, they have immensely evolved from where they started (Zed). So what is percussion, where did it start, and what is it used for? ​How and where did percussion start? Percussion started in Asia Minor [the western peninsula that now constitutes most of modern Turkey], being the first musical apparatus that ever came into being, existing in nearly every culture since before 6000 B.C. (Samuel & Jason). It was started by the native people hitting various items with sticks and hands. Percussion instruments were used for multiple purposes such as chanting, signaling war and communicating with other tribes (Samuel & Jason). The first percussion instruments were likely human hands and feet used to clap or stomp a rhythm. Eventually cultures discovered that they could create louder, more varied sounds with crafted surfaces and implements. In the 18th and 19th centuries, more percussion instruments [like cymbals and triangles] came to being. It is impossible to say where the first percussion instrument was made, t... ...e history of percussion is a very fascinating field of study; it is also important to those in the music industry, and for those who would like to pursue it. Percussion is also important because without it our music would be boring. It is also very helpful, because without it the Native Americans would not have been able to signal or communicate with each other and call for help during war and other times of need. While doing research on this subject I learned only a few things, such as the origin, what they are used for, and its important role in everything aside from marching band. The subject of percussion seems to be a much more important idea than most give credit for. The next time you see or hear about percussion, you will easily identify any of the instruments that a band member is playing. Now, you can give credit to where credit is due and deserving.

Education †Morality Essay

Education is not only cognitive and intellectual learning, and learning of skills and work-related competences. It is much broader to include moral and ethical issues, values, attitudes, religion, spiritualism, art and more. It is, indeed, important to focus on this when education in schools and universities has become a large â€Å"industry† and when the world, instead of becoming more peaceful, seems to be more confrontational than before. The main reason behind this scenario, that I see, is that students are being taught and not trained and also the fact that teachers do not have any target for teaching instead they teach for the pay they get and sincerity with the profession is waning very fast. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM The educational system that I see should be one that suits all the citizens of the country. It should consider the cultural, ethical, moral, religious and economical norms of the society and should produce respectable and responsible citizens for the society as a whole and a dignified and confident person. |This point arises due to the fact that every country consists of multi-cultural and multi ethical societies with different religious and economic backgrounds. Thus the system should have contents that may not hurt the morals and values of any person and also produce effective results that can be calculated as per the prosperity of that particular society or country as a whole. PURPOSE OF EDUCATION The foundation of our work as educators is moral and ethical education. We must teach the right values and the right ways of analyzing issues. We must seek what is true and act accordingly. Part of that is to learn that we are all responsible for our own attitudes, decisions and actions. We must use education to foster equality between sexes, classes, people of different geographic areas, creeds, colors, cultures and religions. We must learn to understand the importance of solidarity among groups at home and across the borders in order to create peace, development and prosperity. Besides this we are also imparted with the responsibility of teaching science, commerce and arts subjects to the students using latest techniques, information and research to enable our students to prepare themselves to be a productive part of the society and compete with the world in the respective fields of their study. Major areas that a teacher may address are as follows: 1. To help students gain literacy: This is supposed to be the top most priority as if a student is literate he or she may mold in any society and get adapted to its culture and norms without losing its own. 2. To enable students to use and enjoy their learning experiences: Here a student gets in hand expertise to use what it learned during the schooling period to better their social and personal life in a given environment. 3. To teach students to believe and respect others, to contribute to the well-being of their community: A learned person better knows whom to respect and whom not too, who deserves to be valued and who does not, and gets bold enough to express its feelings in a dignified and respectful way in the society. He is able to distinguish between duties bestowed upon him by the community and tries to serve the community within available resources. 4. To give students the opportunity to learn how to inquire and discover new information: When a student learns through experimentation and reasoning he tries to use the same technique throughout his life and does not accepts all and sundry information without analyzing it. 5. To help students develop broader understandings of new information: This enables a student understand and characterize given information and then apply it in his daily life. 6. To help students develop the skills and values they will need to function in a free and just society: Last but not the least it makes sure that a student is made aware of the morals and values of religion and society and to act accordingly not hurting any ones feelings and making progress accordingly in the society individually and as a community as a whole. In the process of enabling the students to get all the above qualities they are supposed to be taught different subjects but should be encompassed under the umbrella of a just religion and that is Islam not because we live in the Islamic Republic Of Pakistan but due to the fact that Islam is the only religion that addresses to all the matters discussed with command and covers all the topics amicably, may it be the moral, cultural, and or ethical values or upbringing, or the contemporary studies of science, commerce and arts. Reference: 1. http://www. intime. uni. edu 2. www. nation. com. pk †º Columns.

Animal Testing Essay

Animal Testing Essay Animal Testing Essay Animal testing has been going on for far too long. Whether it is to test a new cosmetic or develop another medication, scientists have used animals as a way of testing out new drugs and products before they are used on humans. Each year animals are blinded, force-fed, genetically altered, injured and more. They are kept in tiny, uncomfortable cages just to test something new. These innocent animals are hurt for science and the results might not even hold true for humans. While some may think that animals are not as developed as humans and use that argument to justify these experiments; Jeremy Bentham, a British philosopher, once said, â€Å"The question is not, ‘Can they reason?’ nor, ‘Can they talk?’ but rather, ‘can they suffer?’† Animals have been through too much suffering to sometimes benefit the lives of humans. Their deaths should not be considered acceptable simply because an occasional experiments has led to medical advancements. There are other options that we need to investigate. Testing on animals is unethical and should not be practiced under any circumstances. Some argue that animal testing has produced some benefits in the medical field. There have been numerous drugs proven though animal testing that have improved the lives of humans all over the world. From treatments for cancer to antibiotics for infection, without animal research, many of the medicines we use today would not exist. During animals testing, scientists are given a living laboratory in which to test their substance. For example, monkeys are often used in experiments because their bodies are so closely related to those of humans. Given that some believe we derived from monkeys, they are an obvious choice for testing. When monkeys are used to test a new pain medication, scientists observe the actions of the monkey before and after they have received the medication. Scientists cannot only see if the pain medication is working, but see if there are any side effects experienced by the monkey as well. From the responses, scientists are able to determine whether or not the medication would be suitable for a human being. By testing the medicine or product on an animal first, we ultimately save numerous human lives. This is not to say that animal’s lives are disregarded. Animal testing has certain rules to follow and regulations that protect the animal. The Animal Welfare Act became law in 1966 to regulate the treatment of animals in all conditions (â€Å"Animal Welfare Act†). Several groups and professionals such as the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service enforce the act so that animals are protected during these experiments. Still, the benefits of animals testing do not outweigh the horrible tests being done on animals. The benefits of animal testing are often overstated and not well understood. PETA, a well-known organization for animal rights, corrects the misperception, â€Å"It’s bad sc ience. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reports that 92 out of every 100 drugs that pass animal tests fail in humans† (PETA). These appalling tests being done on innocent animals are not even producing accurate conclusions. In 1993 the FDA approved a drug called Propulsid (Pippin, and Sullivan). It was used to treat gastric reflex in children. After numerous tests on different animals such as mice and rabbits with no problems, the drug was released to the public (Pippin, and Sullivan). By 1995 people started noticing heart rhythm disturbances associated with the new drug. Many children and babies under one year of age were dying of heart disruptions (Pippin, and Sullivan). After 300 deaths, the drug was withdrawn from the medical market in 2000 (Pippin, and Sullivan). Vioxx is another drug that passed animals testing but was found lethal to humans. Vioxx was discovered as a pain medication for arthritis. It was tested on African green monkeys, mice, and rats and there we re no problems found (Gartner). However, when introduced to humans, the drug was found to

Mayfield high investigation

Mayfield high investigation A population may contain separate groups or strata. Each group needs to be fairly represented in the sample. The number from each group is proportional to the group size. The selection is then made at random from each group, this is called stratified sampling, and I need to use this to make sure my results represents each group fairly, the equation I need to use is:No. Of pupils in specific data X Sample No.Total No. Of pupilsStratified SamplingYr 10 boys= 106/ 370 X 60= 17Yr 10 girls= 99/370 X 60= 15Yr 11 boys= 84/370 X =14Yr 11 girls= 86/370 X 14Boys= 17+14=31Girls= 15+14=29Now from this I will randomly pick my sample of 60 pupils because it is big enough to represent the whole school, I will do this using my calculator by pressing 370Ran# this will give me a random number in decimals I will then round it off.English: These boxplots show variation in total ar...If a number comes up more than once I will ignore it. I will now keep going until I have a full set of data.Collecting The DataAs I have already mentioned in my introduction, I will use a sample of 60 students. Upon using the random sampling sample. I realised that I would need 31 boys and 29 girls to fairly represent each group.BoysHeight Weight1.9 701.6 501.6 471.68 591.8 721.77 591.72 621.75 451.75 571.57 491.73 571.54 541.63 561.61 561.65 471.65 551.6 511.67 661.72 511.65 421.69 51.75 601.7 722 601.86 801.51 381.57 541.61 451.5 451.52 441.62 51Here are all the boys to be included in my...

How Does the Pavilion Store In Winchester Use Intangible Experiences Assignment

How Does the Pavilion Store In Winchester Use Intangible Experiences to Keep Customer Loyalty - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that the Pavilion Clothing Limited is one of the internationally recognized fashion retailers that meet its customers on a face-to-face basis. The Pavilion Clothing Limited has been in existence for the last seven years. The pavilion is a private fashion and clothing entity that was established in 2007 by private investors. Currently, the Pavilion Clothing Limited is rated as one of the fastest growing clothing companies in the United Kingdom. The company is located in Winchester, Hants in the United Kingdom. The company deals with precious and up to date men and women fashions. A part of dealing with male and female clothes, the company deals with other products that include: bubblers, water pipes, rolling papers, cleaning suppliers, hookahs, vaporizers, and hand pipes. The prices of Pavilion’s products depend on the quality of the product as well as the existing market value. The Pavilion Clothing Limited’s main customers ar e middle class young and old people who have sufficient amount of resources to cater for the price of its high-quality products. The essay will start off by explaining the manner in which Pavilion Clothing Limited conducts the promotion of its products as well as the price, quality, and potential customers of Pavilion Clothing Limited’s products. Secondly, the essay will also explain the internal and external aspects of the Pavilion Clothing Limited and its effects on the success of the company. The essay will further define the meaning of intangible and tangible experiences and its application in Pavilion Clothing Company. The negative side of intangible experience in a company will also be expounded in the essay. Finally, the essay will explain how the intangible experiences add value to the company’s products as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the entire process. The Pavilion Clothing Limited’s success is to a greater extent brought about by its commo nly known high-quality products and services. The Pavilion Clothing Limited has developed effective models of connecting the company’s products to its customers’ emotional needs.

Reflective Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Reflective Teaching - Essay Example Framing reflective teaching For an individual to undergo a development process to a reflective thinker, Valli and Buese (2007) advise on employment of various approaches. These approaches are inclusive of critically observing the others as well as one self, team teaching, and exploration of an individual’s teaching approach through writing. In any approach, Valli and Buese (2007) insist on a process that is divided into three parts. The first part is the event itself. This step is perceived as critical at the onset of any episode that will incorporate actual teaching. While the critical reflection is usually targeted at developing the individual teaching approach of a teacher, there is a possibility of self-reflection being stimulated by observing the teaching of another person. The next stage usually involves event recollection. This stage usually details the event of the eventual happening without having to observe the teaching of another person. Generally, various procedures are usually employed during the phase of recollection. These procedures include; detailing the event, recording of an event, or incorporation of coding systems for capturing the event details. The third stage involves reviewing and responding to the event. As a result of focusing on the objective event description, the event is reviewed for the participants. This is the stage at which a deeper level of event processing takes place coupled with asking questions that are connected to the experience.